Salesforce with Ankit

In this article, we will discuss about control statements, their syntax and some examples. Also we will discuss about various loops, syntax and example.

1. If Statement –
   • If statement takes in Boolean value or an expression returning a boolean value, and if that value is true then code-block will be executed.
   • For example:
     • if ( condition is true ) { //code block will be executed }
2. If-else Statement –
   • We can extend if statement using the optional else control statement.
   • The else statement provides the block of code to be executed when condition inside if is false.
   • For Example:
     • if ( conditionIsFalse) { //if-statement block }
     • else { else-statement block }
3. Nested if-else –
   • When we have to use more than one condition, then we can use if-statement followed by else-if statement with optional else statement.
   • For Example:
     • if ( condition 1 ) { //code }
     • else if ( condition 2 ) { //code } ………………………..
     • else if ( condition n ) { //code }
     • else { code }
4. Ternary-if –
   • Ternary-if statements are single line expressions that assign s value based upon decision made inline.
   • Ternary-if is formed of three parts:
     • variable = booleanExpressionToEvaluate ? outcomeIfTrue : outcomeIfFalse;
   • For Example:
     • x = (p>q) ? 7 : 9 ;
5. Switch Statements –
   • The switch statements allows you to evaluate a variable and execute a block of code based upon the value of the variable matching definite value.
   • Syntax:
     • switch on variable {
     • when value 1 { code }
     • when value 2 { code } ………………..
     • when value n { code } }

We have covered all control statements in Apex, now we will discuss about various loops in Apex.

1. Do – While Loop –
   • A do-while loops allows developer to specify block of code that they want to execute whilst a set boolean-condition remains true.
   • Syntax:
     • do { code } while ( condition );
2. While Loop –
   • While loop evaluates a code block while boolean-condition is met, but unlike do-while in while loop, condition is evaluated before execution of the code.
   • Syntax:
     • while ( condition ) { code }
3. For Loop –
   • For loops can be constructed in many ways, most familiar format is given below:
     • for ( Integer i = 0 ; i < limit ; i++ ) { code }
   • For lists, following variation of for loop can be used:
     • for ( DataType variableName: List<DataType>) { code }

These all loops are very helpful while coding in Apex, thanks for reading the article till the end, in next article we will discuss about Apex Triggers.